Contents
Biography & Historical Record
Ruan Xiaowu, known by his nickname Short-lived Second Son (Đoản Mệnh Nhị Lang), is a prominent character in the classic Chinese novel Water Margin. He is the second of the three Ruan brothers, all of whom are skilled fishermen and experts in naval warfare. Residing in Shijie Village, the Ruan brothers live in poverty, which leads them to resent the corrupt officials of the Northern Song (北宋, Bắc Tống) dynasty. His role in the Liangshan uprising is pivotal, as he serves as one of the chief naval commanders alongside his brothers.
Role in Romance of the Three Kingdoms
While not a figure in the Three Kingdoms era, his archetype mirrors the heroic outlaws found in historical epics. His martial prowess, particularly in water-based ambushes, was instrumental in several victories for the Liangshan rebels. He is characterized by his fierce loyalty and fiery temper, living up to his nickname which suggests a man who courts danger and death.
Ruan Xiaowu — Historical & Literary Timeline
Chapter 15
The Gathering at the Marsh
Ruan Xiaowu joins Chao Gai (晁蓋, Tiều Cái) and his brothers in the daring robbery of the Imperial Birthday Gift, establishing the core group that would eventually occupy Liangshan Marsh.
Chapter 119
The Final Sacrifice
During the final campaign against the rebellion of Fang La (方臘, Phương Lạp), Ruan Xiaowu is killed in action during the brutal assault on Qingxi. His death marks the decline of the Liangshan heroes.
Key Relationships
- The Ruan Brothers
- Ruan Xiaoer (阮小二, Nguyễn Tiểu Nhị): His eldest brother, who shares his deep resentment for the ruling class.
- Ruan Xiaoqi (阮小七, Nguyễn Tiểu Thất): His youngest brother, famous for his role in the robbery and later for his colorful life after the Liangshan amnesty.
- Chao Gai (晁蓋, Tiều Cái)
- The chieftain who recruited the brothers, earning their absolute loyalty through his charismatic leadership and shared vision of rebellion.
